C.R.S. Section 4-4.5-203
Unenforceability of certain verified payment orders

(a)

If an accepted payment order is not, under section 4-4.5-202 (a), an authorized order of a customer identified as sender, but is effective as an order of the customer pursuant to section 4-4.5-202 (b), the following rules apply:

(1)

By express agreement evidenced by a record, the receiving bank may limit the extent to which it is entitled to enforce or retain payment of the payment order.

(2)

The receiving bank is not entitled to enforce or retain payment of the payment order if the customer proves that the order was not caused, directly or indirectly, by a person (i) entrusted at any time with duties to act for the customer with respect to payment orders or the security procedure, or (ii) who obtained access to transmitting facilities of the customer or who obtained, from a source controlled by the customer and without authority of the receiving bank, information facilitating breach of the security procedure, regardless of how the information was obtained or whether the customer was at fault. Information includes any access device, computer software, or the like.

(b)

This section applies to amendments of payment orders to the same extent it applies to payment orders.

Source: Section 4-4.5-203 — Unenforceability of certain verified payment orders, https://leg.­colorado.­gov/sites/default/files/images/olls/crs2023-title-04.­pdf (accessed Dec. 24, 2024).

4–4.5–101
Short title 4–4.5–102
Subject matter 4–4.5–103
Payment order - definitions 4–4.5–104
Funds transfer - definitions 4–4.5–105
Other definitions 4–4.5–106
Time payment order is received 4–4.5–107
Federal reserve regulations and operating circulars 4–4.5–108
Relationship to federal “Electronic Fund Transfer Act of 1978” 4–4.5–201
Security procedure 4–4.5–202
Authorized and verified payment orders 4–4.5–203
Unenforceability of certain verified payment orders 4–4.5–204
Refund of payment and duty of customer to report with respect to unauthorized payment order 4–4.5–205
Erroneous payment orders 4–4.5–206
Transmission of payment order through funds-transfer or other communication system 4–4.5–207
Misdescription of beneficiary 4–4.5–208
Misdescription of intermediary bank or beneficiary’s bank 4–4.5–209
Acceptance of payment order 4–4.5–210
Rejection of payment order 4–4.5–211
Cancellation and amendment of payment order 4–4.5–212
Liability and duty of receiving bank regarding unaccepted payment order 4–4.5–301
Execution and execution date 4–4.5–302
Obligations of receiving bank in execution of payment order 4–4.5–303
Erroneous execution of payment order 4–4.5–304
Duty of sender to report erroneously executed payment order 4–4.5–305
Liability for late or improper execution or failure to execute payment order 4–4.5–401
Payment date 4–4.5–402
Obligation of sender to pay receiving bank 4–4.5–403
Payment by sender to receiving bank 4–4.5–404
Obligation of beneficiary’s bank to pay and give notice to beneficiary 4–4.5–405
Payment by beneficiary’s bank to beneficiary 4–4.5–406
Payment by originator to beneficiary 4–4.5–501
Variation by agreement and effect of funds-transfer system rule 4–4.5–502
Creditor process served on receiving bank 4–4.5–503
Injunction or restraining order with respect to funds transfer 4–4.5–504
Order in which items and payment orders may be charged to account 4–4.5–505
Preclusions of objection to debit of customer’s account 4–4.5–506
Rate of interest 4–4.5–507
Choice of law
Green check means up to date. Up to date

Current through Fall 2025

§ 4-4.5-203’s source at colorado​.gov