C.R.S. Section 10-3-802
Subsidiaries of insurers

(1)

A domestic insurer, either by itself or in cooperation with one or more persons, may organize or acquire one or more subsidiaries engaged in the following kinds of business:

(a)

Any kind of insurance business authorized by the jurisdiction in which it is incorporated;

(b)

Acting as an insurance broker or insurance agent for its parent or for any of its parent’s insurer subsidiaries;

(c)

Investing, reinvesting, or trading in securities for its own account or that of its parent, a subsidiary of its parent, or an affiliate or subsidiary;

(d)

Management of an investment company subject to or registered pursuant to the federal “Investment Company Act of 1940”, 15 U.S.C. sec. 80a-1 et seq., as amended, including related sales and services;

(e)

Acting as a broker-dealer subject to or registered pursuant to the federal “Securities Exchange Act of 1934”, 15 U.S.C. sec. 78a et seq., as amended;

(f)

Rendering investment advice to governments, government agencies, corporations, or other organizations or groups;

(g)

Rendering other services related to the operations of an insurance business, such as actuarial, loss prevention, safety engineering, data processing, accounting, claims, appraisal, and collection services;

(h)

Ownership and management of assets that the parent corporation could itself own or manage;

(i)

Acting as administrative agent for a governmental instrumentality that is performing an insurance function;

(j)

Financing of insurance premiums, agents, and other forms of consumer financing;

(k)

Any other business activity determined by the commissioner to be reasonably ancillary to an insurance business;

(l)

Owning a corporation or corporations engaged or organized to engage exclusively in one or more of the businesses specified in this section; and

(m)

Any other kind of business that, in the opinion of the commissioner, would be in the best interest of the insurer and would not be detrimental to the policyholders or the public.

(2)

In addition to investments in common stock, preferred stock, debt obligations, and other securities permitted under other provisions of this title, a domestic insurer may also:

(a)

Invest, in common stock, preferred stock, debt obligations, and other securities of one or more subsidiaries, amounts that do not exceed the lesser of ten percent of the insurer’s assets or fifty percent of the insurer’s surplus as regards policyholders if, after such investments, the insurer’s surplus as regards policyholders will be reasonable in relation to the insurer’s outstanding liabilities and adequate to meet its financial needs. In calculating the amount of the investments, the commissioner shall exclude investments in domestic or foreign insurance subsidiaries and shall include:

(I)

Total net moneys or other consideration expended and obligations assumed in the acquisition or formation of a subsidiary, including all organizational expenses and contributions to capital and surplus of the subsidiary whether or not represented by the purchase of capital stock or issuance of other securities;

(II)

All amounts expended in acquiring additional common stock, preferred stock, debt obligations, and other securities; and

(III)

All contributions to the capital or surplus of a subsidiary after its acquisition or formation.

(b)

Invest any amount in common stock, preferred stock, debt obligations, and other securities of one or more subsidiaries engaged or organized to engage exclusively in the ownership and management of assets authorized as investments for the insurer if each subsidiary agrees to limit its investments in any asset so that the investments will not cause the amount of the total investment of the insurer to exceed any of the investment limitations specified in paragraph (a) of this subsection (2) or in sections 10-3-213 to 10-3-242 applicable to the insurer. For the purpose of this paragraph (b), “the total investment of the insurer” includes:

(I)

Any direct investment by the insurer in an asset; and

(II)

The insurer’s proportionate share of any investment in an asset by a subsidiary of the insurer, which shall be calculated by multiplying the amount of the subsidiary’s investment by the percentage of the ownership of the subsidiary; and

(c)

With the approval of the commissioner, invest any greater amount in common stock, preferred stock, debt obligations, or other securities of one or more subsidiaries if, after the investment, the insurer’s surplus as regards policyholders will be reasonable in relation to the insurer’s outstanding liabilities and adequate to its financial needs.

(3)

Investments in common stock, preferred stock, debt obligations, or other securities of subsidiaries made in accordance with subsection (2) of this section are admitted assets of a domestic insurer, and such investments are not subject to any of the otherwise-applicable restrictions or limitations applicable to the investments of insurers.

(4)

Any provision of this title to the contrary notwithstanding, any investment by a domestic insurer in the common stock, preferred stock, debt obligations, or other securities of one or more insurance companies that are wholly owned subsidiaries of the domestic insurer are admitted assets of the domestic insurer, subject to the following provisions:

(a)

If the authorized lines of business of the investing company and any such wholly owned subsidiary corporation together do not constitute the lines of business of a multiple-line company, the common stock, preferred stock, debt obligations, and other securities of the subsidiary corporation are not at any time an admitted asset of the investing company unless at such time the two companies have, without taking the common stock, preferred stock, debt obligations, and other securities into account as an asset of the investing company, a combined capital or guaranty fund and a combined surplus that are at least equal, respectively, to the sum of the minimum capital or minimum guaranty fund required by law for the authorized line of business of each of the two companies and the sum of the minimum surplus required by law for the authorized line of business of each of the two companies; except that this paragraph (a) does not apply to an investing company that is a fraternal benefit society.

(b)

If the authorized lines of business of the investing company and any such wholly owned subsidiary corporation together constitute the lines of business of a multiple-line company, the common stock, preferred stock, debt obligations, and other securities of the wholly owned subsidiary corporation are not at any time an admitted asset of the investing company unless at such time the two companies have, without taking the stock into account as an asset of the investing company, a combined capital or guaranty fund and a combined surplus that are at least equal, respectively, to the minimum capital or guaranty fund and the minimum surplus required by law for the multiple-line company.

(c)

If the authorized lines of business of any two insurance companies that are members of a chain of corporations directly or indirectly owned by a common parent corporation together constitute the lines of business of a multiple-line company, the common stock, preferred stock, debt obligations, and other securities of either of the two insurance companies are at any time an admitted asset of any insurance company, including the common parent corporation, that is a member of such chain of corporations, unless at such time the two insurance companies have a combined capital or guaranty fund and a combined surplus that are at least equal, respectively, to the minimum capital or guaranty fund and the minimum surplus required by law for such a multiple-line company.

(5)

Whether any investment made pursuant to subsection (2) of this section meets the applicable requirements of that subsection (2) is to be determined before the investment is made, by calculating the applicable investment limitations as though the investment had already been made, taking into account the then-outstanding principal balance on all previous investments in debt obligations, and the value of all previous investments in equity securities as of the day they were made, net of any return of capital invested, not including dividends.

(6)

If an insurer ceases to control a subsidiary, it shall dispose of any investment made in the subsidiary pursuant to this section within three years after the time of the cessation of control or within such further time as the commissioner may prescribe, unless at any time after the investment has been made, the investment meets the requirements for investment under any other section of this title and the insurer has so notified the commissioner.

(7)

Nothing in this part 8 prohibits a domestic insurer that, with the prior approval of the commissioner, organized or acquired a subsidiary from continuing to hold the insurer’s investments in the subsidiary or from making further investments in the subsidiary consistent with subsection (2) of this section, if the subsidiary engages only in the kind of business that was represented to the commissioner as a basis for such approval.

Source: Section 10-3-802 — Subsidiaries of insurers, https://leg.colorado.gov/sites/default/files/images/olls/crs2023-title-10.pdf (accessed Oct. 20, 2023).

California:	Codes
Colorado:	C.R.S.
Nevada:	NRS
New York:	Laws
Oregon:	OAR, ORS
Texas:	Statutes
World:	Rome Statute, International Dictionary

C.R.S. Section 10-3-802 Subsidiaries of insurers

(1)

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h)

(i)

(j)

(k)

(l)

(m)

(2)

(a)

(I)

(II)

(III)

(b)

(I)

(II)

(c)

(3)

(4)

(a)

(b)

(c)

(5)

(6)

(7)

C.R.S. Section 10-3-802
Subsidiaries of insurers